Mental Health
Introduction
Mydex Data Services CIC provides an API known as the 'Master Reference Data Services' or MRD. This API provides access to a variety of non-personal, general purpose datasets that may be of use when integrating with the rest of the Mydex platform or simply a valuable managed API service for a range of datasets that can be subscribed to.
One of these services or datasets is Mental Health, which itself is also offered to the public (see https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/) . Mental Health is a service designed to help citizens find help and support for their mental health.
Mydex hosts its own copy of Mental Health and also consumes the Mental Health API from the upstream source to keep our instance of Mental Health current with regular updates.
Mydex's MRD Service hosts the data and adds the ability to search for data using keywords and filters. Mydex's MRD API also allows filtering to remove any html tags and to replace any relevant links to links to Mydex MRD API.
Mydex's MRD Service hosts the data and adds the ability to search for data using keywords and filters. Mydex's MRD API also allows filtering to remove any html tags and to replace any relevant links with links to Mydex MRD API.
Subscribers to MRD use these managed lists, directories and look-ups to embed content into their own apps and services such as delivering personalised lists based on an individual's profile set in the subscribers application or service.
This guide explains:
- How to authenticate to Mydex's MRD API with OAuth2.0 in order to access the service.
- How to construct different search requests to Mydex's MRD API to obtain different types of results from the Mental Health datasets.
If you encounter issues either getting authenticated to or using the MRD API, please contact support@mydex.org. Our team is ready and always happy to help you with any issues.
Authenticating with OAuth2.0
The Mydex MRD API requires authentication using the industry standard OAuth2.0 protocol. Please see our online documentation for more information on this: https://dev.mydex.org/mrd-api/mrd-authentication.html
Returning data via a specified Mental Health route
The most basic request that can be made is to the root route: https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health
This will return a list of candidate routes that can be requested. Making a request to any of the routes listed will return the row of data linked to that route.
Some example requests for Mental Health data are as follows:
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/talking-therapies-medicine-treatments/talking-therapies-and-counselling/cognitive-behavioural-therapy-cbt/how-it-works
A simple request like this can be made to any route and it will return that row of data. There are also options (flags) available for stripping html tags and replacing NHS links with links to our own MRD api which we will cover next.
[Example responses showing how the data is structured can be viewed under the heading Example responses at the end of this page. Referring to these will aid in understanding the structure of the data and the effect the flag settings have]
Flag settings
There are two possible flag settings which can be set independently of each other or together. These settings are:
- no_html=true
- mydex_mrd_links=true
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours?no_html=true
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms?no_html=true&mydex_mrd_links=true
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/talking-therapies-medicine-treatments/talking-therapies-and-counselling/cognitive-behavioural-therapy-cbt/how-it-works?mydex_mrd_links=true
Note: If both flags are set, the order in which they appear in the request does not matter.
What does no_html do?
Setting this flag removes all the html tags from the page content and stores any links in an array links[] at the end of the page content entity mainEntityOfPage.
What does mydex_mrd_links do?
The benefit of setting this flag is that it makes other Mydex MRD API endpoints available for use directly within the response. This means that links can be made across different services to build a dynamic range of data payloads.
Setting this flag replaces any links to the NHS api with our relative MRD api endpoint. This applies to any endpoints that we currently have available for use. Currently that includes:
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/live-well
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/conditions
If only mydex_mrd_links flag is set, i.e. no_html is not set, then these links are replaced in the page content text field with an index which relates to an array of these links which is added at the end of the page content entity mainEntityOfPage.
Returning data by filtering on one or more keywords
Returning Mental Health data based on search filters can be done by passing a keyword along with a combination of operators and conditions in the request. An example of a request made using filters to search the data by keyword can be seen below:
https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/search?filters[0][operator]=LIKE&filters[0][value]=water&filters[0][condition]=
[Example responses showing how the data is structured can be viewed under the heading Example responses at the end of this page. Referring to these will aid in understanding the structure of the data and the effect any flag settings have]
How to structure a request for returning filtered data
The filters are passed as an array filters[]. Each element in the array must contain at least 1 of both operator and value. A more complex search can be performed by also passing a condition parameter (AND or OR) plus a further keyword (stored in the value parameter).
The structure of the array is as follows:
filters[index][option]=value
Where index denotes the index in the array starting at 0 and incrementing by 1 for each additional filter.
option refers to the parameter that must be passed and determines how the results are to be filtered. There are three possible option parameters as described in the table below.
| Parameter | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| [operator] | The only valid operator here is LIKE. This will perform a search based on matches like the keyword passed in the value operator (see below) | LIKE |
| [value] | The keyword value used to filter the results. | stress sleep medication |
| [condition] | If we want to filter by more than one keyword we can include here AND or OR.
Note: these are the only valid conditions. If we are only using one filter, then this still must be declared but left empty. |
AND
OR |
Some example filtered requests:
Here are two example requests. The first one shows an example of a request for the data filtered by only one keyword. The second example shows a request for data filtered by two keywords where both must be present to return a result.
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/search?filters[0][operator]=LIKE&filters[0][value]=stress&filters[0][condition]=
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/search?filters[0][operator]=LIKE&filters[0][value]=medication&filters[0][condition]=AND&filters[1][operator]=LIKE&filters[1][value]=counselling&filters[1][condition]=
Flag settings
The same flag settings can be passed here as per the section on getting the data from a specified Mental Health route i.e. no_html=true and/or mydex_mrd_links=true (please refer to the section about returning data from a specific Mental Health route for more information on this).
An additional flag setting, added in the same way, can be applied when filtering the data as follows: search_all=true
What does search_all do?
It’s worth noting here that without this flag set, the filter is applied only to the description field of the data. For a deeper search into the data, setting search_all=true will apply the filter also to the text field of the content entity for each row of data. The content entity is the mainEntityOfPage field which exists in each row of Mental Health data.
It’s worth noting that some rows of data also contain a field mainEntity which is another type of content that is part of what NHS content system calls an “Expander group”. The search_all flag will also return results where a match is found in this field.
An example request using this flag setting:
- https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/search?filters[0][operator]=LIKE&filters[0][value]=stress&filters[0][condition]=AND&filters[1][operator]=LIKE&filters[1][value]=counselling&filters[1][condition]=&search_all=true
Example Responses
What can be seen here are example responses for different requests with a range of different flag settings. We are showing only examples of data returned from a specified route here, however it is the same data that would be returned if a search and filter approach is taken. The only difference between the two approaches is that a specified route will only ever return 1 row of data whereas a filtered request can return multiple rows of data. Each following example is a single row of data.
No flags set
Example: https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/stress
{
"data": {
"@context": "http://schema.org",
"@type": "WebPage",
"name": "Stress",
"copyrightHolder": {
"name": "Crown Copyright",
"@type": "Organization"
},
"license": "https://developer.api.nhs.uk/terms",
"author": {
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk",
"logo": "https://www.nhs.uk/nhscwebservices/documents/logo1.jpg",
"email": "nhswebsite.servicedesk@nhs.net",
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "NHS website"
},
"about": {
"@type": "WebPage",
"name": "Stress",
"alternateName": ""
},
"description": "Read practical tips and advice on what to do if you're struggling with stress.",
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/stress/",
"genre": [
"Advice or information"
],
"keywords": "",
"lastReviewed": [
"2022-11-22T13:56:00+00:00",
"2025-11-22T13:56:00+00:00"
],
"hasPart": [],
"relatedLink": [
{
"@type": "LinkRole",
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/",
"name": "Feelings and symptoms",
"linkRelationship": "Navigation",
"position": 0
},
{
"@type": "LinkRole",
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/stress/",
"name": "Stress",
"linkRelationship": "Navigation",
"position": 1
},
{
"@type": "LinkRole",
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/anxiety-fear-panic/",
"name": "Anxiety, fear and panic",
"linkRelationship": "Navigation",
"position": 2
},
{
"@type": "LinkRole",
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/low-mood-sadness-depression/",
"name": "Low mood, sadness and depression",
"linkRelationship": "Navigation",
"position": 3
},
{
"@type": "LinkRole",
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/feeling-lonely/",
"name": "Feeling lonely",
"linkRelationship": "Navigation",
"position": 4
},
{
"@type": "LinkRole",
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/grief-bereavement-loss/",
"name": "Grief after bereavement or loss",
"linkRelationship": "Navigation",
"position": 5
},
{
"@type": "LinkRole",
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/anger/",
"name": "Anger",
"linkRelationship": "Navigation",
"position": 6
},
{
"@type": "LinkRole",
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/loneliness-in-older-people/",
"name": "Loneliness in older people",
"linkRelationship": "Navigation",
"position": 7
},
{
"@type": "LinkRole",
"url": "https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/anxiety-disorder-signs/",
"name": "Signs of an anxiety disorder",
"linkRelationship": "Navigation",
"position": 8
}
],
"dateModified": "2023-04-13T16:38:40+00:00",
"mainEntityOfPage": [
{
"identifier": "0",
"name": "section heading",
"position": 0,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"mainEntityOfPage": [
{
"position": 0,
"identifier": "1",
"text": "<p><b>Most people feel stressed sometimes and some people find stress helpful or even motivating. But if stress is affecting your life, there are things you can try that may help.</b></p><p>Support is also available if you're finding it hard to cope with stress.</p>",
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "markdown",
"headline": ""
}
],
"description": "",
"hasPart": [
{
"position": 0,
"identifier": "1",
"text": "<p><b>Most people feel stressed sometimes and some people find stress helpful or even motivating. But if stress is affecting your life, there are things you can try that may help.</b></p><p>Support is also available if you're finding it hard to cope with stress.</p>",
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "markdown",
"headline": ""
}
]
},
{
"identifier": "0",
"name": "section heading",
"position": 1,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"mainEntityOfPage": [
{
"position": 0,
"identifier": "1",
"text": "<p>Stress can cause many different symptoms. It might affect how you feel physically, mentally and also how you behave.</p><p>It's not always easy to recognise when stress is the reason you're feeling or acting differently.</p>",
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "markdown",
"headline": "Symptoms of stress"
},
{
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"position": 1,
"name": "Expander Group",
"identifier": "20",
"mainEntity": [
{
"position": 0,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Expander",
"subjectOf": "Physical symptoms",
"identifier": "18",
"mainEntity": "<div > <ul><li data-block-key="i6nub">headaches or dizziness</li><li data-block-key="pfjf4">muscle tension or pain</li><li data-block-key="j6aia">stomach problems</li><li data-block-key="gphbr">chest pain or a faster heartbeat</li><li data-block-key="8ai1k">sexual problems</li></ul></div>"
},
{
"position": 1,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Expander",
"subjectOf": "Mental symptoms",
"identifier": "18",
"mainEntity": "<div > <ul><li data-block-key="e9n36">difficulty concentrating</li><li data-block-key="94g8w">struggling to make decisions</li><li data-block-key="xcwuy">feeling overwhelmed</li><li data-block-key="5mjvh">constantly worrying</li><li data-block-key="vsfeg">being forgetful</li></ul></div>"
},
{
"position": 2,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Expander",
"subjectOf": "Changes in behaviour",
"identifier": "18",
"mainEntity": "<div > <ul><li data-block-key="ejigr">being irritable and snappy</li><li data-block-key="f9jtc">sleeping too much or too little</li><li data-block-key="ucop4">eating too much or too little</li><li data-block-key="uu7wo">avoiding certain places or people</li><li data-block-key="j5bro">drinking or smoking more</li></ul></div>"
}
]
}
],
"description": "",
"hasPart": [
{
"position": 0,
"identifier": "1",
"text": "<p>Stress can cause many different symptoms. It might affect how you feel physically, mentally and also how you behave.</p><p>It's not always easy to recognise when stress is the reason you're feeling or acting differently.</p>",
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "markdown",
"headline": "Symptoms of stress"
},
{
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"position": 1,
"name": "Expander Group",
"identifier": "20",
"mainEntity": [
{
"position": 0,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Expander",
"subjectOf": "Physical symptoms",
"identifier": "18",
"mainEntity": "<div > <ul><li data-block-key="i6nub">headaches or dizziness</li><li data-block-key="pfjf4">muscle tension or pain</li><li data-block-key="j6aia">stomach problems</li><li data-block-key="gphbr">chest pain or a faster heartbeat</li><li data-block-key="8ai1k">sexual problems</li></ul></div>"
},
{
"position": 1,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Expander",
"subjectOf": "Mental symptoms",
"identifier": "18",
"mainEntity": "<div > <ul><li data-block-key="e9n36">difficulty concentrating</li><li data-block-key="94g8w">struggling to make decisions</li><li data-block-key="xcwuy">feeling overwhelmed</li><li data-block-key="5mjvh">constantly worrying</li><li data-block-key="vsfeg">being forgetful</li></ul></div>"
},
{
"position": 2,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Expander",
"subjectOf": "Changes in behaviour",
"identifier": "18",
"mainEntity": "<div > <ul><li data-block-key="ejigr">being irritable and snappy</li><li data-block-key="f9jtc">sleeping too much or too little</li><li data-block-key="ucop4">eating too much or too little</li><li data-block-key="uu7wo">avoiding certain places or people</li><li data-block-key="j5bro">drinking or smoking more</li></ul></div>"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"identifier": "0",
"name": "section heading",
"position": 2,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"mainEntityOfPage": [
{
"position": 0,
"identifier": "1",
"text": "",
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "markdown",
"headline": "Things you can try to help with stress"
},
{
"position": 1,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Do/Don't",
"identifier": "9",
"text": "<div><h3>Do</h3><ul><li><p>try talking about your feelings to a friend, family member or health professional. You could also contact <a href="https://www.samaritans.org/how-we-can-help/contact-samaritan/">Samaritans</a>, <a href="Tel: 116 123">call: 116 123</a> or email: <a href="mailto:jo@samaritans.org">jo@samaritans.org</a> if you need someone to talk to</p></li><li><p>find out more about <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/self-help/guides-tools-and-activities/tips-to-reduce-stress/">10 stress busters</a> – including <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/exercise/">getting started with exercise</a> and setting aside time for yourself</p></li><li><p>use easy time-management techniques to help you take control</p></li><li><p>use <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/self-help/guides-tools-and-activities/breathing-exercises-for-stress/">calming breathing exercises</a></p></li><li><p>plan ahead for stressful days or events – planning long journeys or making a list of things to remember can really help</p></li><li><p>consider peer support, where people use their experiences to help each other. <a href="https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/drugs-and-treatments/peer-support/finding-peer-support/">Find out more about peer support on the Mind website</a></p></li><li><p>listen to <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/self-help/guides-tools-and-activities/mental-wellbeing-audio-guides/">free mental wellbeing audio guides</a></p></li></ul></div>"
},
{
"position": 2,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Do/Don't",
"identifier": "9",
"text": "<div><h3>Don't</h3><ul><li><p>do not try to do everything at once – set small targets you can easily achieve</p></li><li><p>do not focus on the things you cannot change – focus your time and energy into helping yourself feel better</p></li><li><p>try not to tell yourself that you're alone – most people feel stressed at some point in their life and support is available</p></li><li><p>try not to use alcohol, cigarettes, gambling or drugs to relieve stress – these can all contribute to poor mental health</p></li></ul></div>"
},
{
"position": 3,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Information",
"identifier": "3",
"text": "<h3>Further information and support</h3><ul><li><a href="https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/stress/managing-stress-and-building-resilience/">Mind: stress – managing stress and building resilience</a> – get advice to help you adapt and bounce back during difficult times</li><li><a href="https://www.nhs.uk/every-mind-matters/mental-wellbeing-tips/self-help-cbt-techniques/">Every Mind Matters: self-help cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) techniques</a> – learn how to manage stress and worry, and boost your mental wellbeing</li><li><a href="https://www.nhs.uk/oneyou/every-mind-matters/your-mind-plan-quiz/">Every Mind Matters: get your free Mind Plan</a> – get personalised tips and advice to your email inbox</li></ul><p></p>"
}
],
"description": "",
"hasPart": [
{
"position": 0,
"identifier": "1",
"text": "",
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "markdown",
"headline": "Things you can try to help with stress"
},
{
"position": 1,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Do/Don't",
"identifier": "9",
"text": "<div><h3>Do</h3><ul><li><p>try talking about your feelings to a friend, family member or health professional. You could also contact <a href="https://www.samaritans.org/how-we-can-help/contact-samaritan/">Samaritans</a>, <a href="Tel: 116 123">call: 116 123</a> or email: <a href="mailto:jo@samaritans.org">jo@samaritans.org</a> if you need someone to talk to</p></li><li><p>find out more about <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/self-help/guides-tools-and-activities/tips-to-reduce-stress/">10 stress busters</a> – including <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/exercise/">getting started with exercise</a> and setting aside time for yourself</p></li><li><p>use easy time-management techniques to help you take control</p></li><li><p>use <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/self-help/guides-tools-and-activities/breathing-exercises-for-stress/">calming breathing exercises</a></p></li><li><p>plan ahead for stressful days or events – planning long journeys or making a list of things to remember can really help</p></li><li><p>consider peer support, where people use their experiences to help each other. <a href="https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/drugs-and-treatments/peer-support/finding-peer-support/">Find out more about peer support on the Mind website</a></p></li><li><p>listen to <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/self-help/guides-tools-and-activities/mental-wellbeing-audio-guides/">free mental wellbeing audio guides</a></p></li></ul></div>"
},
{
"position": 2,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Do/Don't",
"identifier": "9",
"text": "<div><h3>Don't</h3><ul><li><p>do not try to do everything at once – set small targets you can easily achieve</p></li><li><p>do not focus on the things you cannot change – focus your time and energy into helping yourself feel better</p></li><li><p>try not to tell yourself that you're alone – most people feel stressed at some point in their life and support is available</p></li><li><p>try not to use alcohol, cigarettes, gambling or drugs to relieve stress – these can all contribute to poor mental health</p></li></ul></div>"
},
{
"position": 3,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Information",
"identifier": "3",
"text": "<h3>Further information and support</h3><ul><li><a href="https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/stress/managing-stress-and-building-resilience/">Mind: stress – managing stress and building resilience</a> – get advice to help you adapt and bounce back during difficult times</li><li><a href="https://www.nhs.uk/every-mind-matters/mental-wellbeing-tips/self-help-cbt-techniques/">Every Mind Matters: self-help cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) techniques</a> – learn how to manage stress and worry, and boost your mental wellbeing</li><li><a href="https://www.nhs.uk/oneyou/every-mind-matters/your-mind-plan-quiz/">Every Mind Matters: get your free Mind Plan</a> – get personalised tips and advice to your email inbox</li></ul><p></p>"
}
]
},
{
"identifier": "0",
"name": "section heading",
"position": 3,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"mainEntityOfPage": [
{
"position": 0,
"identifier": "1",
"text": "<h3>Referring yourself for therapy</h3><p>If you need more support, you can get free talking therapies like <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/talking-therapies-medicine-treatments/talking-therapies-and-counselling/cognitive-behavioural-therapy-cbt/overview/">cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)</a> on the NHS.</p><p>You can refer yourself directly to an NHS talking therapies service without a referral from a GP.</p>",
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "markdown",
"headline": "Where to get NHS help for stress"
},
{
"position": 1,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Find a service",
"identifier": "2",
"text": "<p><a href="https://www.nhs.uk/service-search/find-a-psychological-therapies-service/">Find an NHS talking therapies service</a></p>"
}
],
"description": "",
"hasPart": [
{
"position": 0,
"identifier": "1",
"text": "<h3>Referring yourself for therapy</h3><p>If you need more support, you can get free talking therapies like <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/talking-therapies-medicine-treatments/talking-therapies-and-counselling/cognitive-behavioural-therapy-cbt/overview/">cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)</a> on the NHS.</p><p>You can refer yourself directly to an NHS talking therapies service without a referral from a GP.</p>",
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "markdown",
"headline": "Where to get NHS help for stress"
},
{
"position": 1,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "Find a service",
"identifier": "2",
"text": "<p><a href="https://www.nhs.uk/service-search/find-a-psychological-therapies-service/">Find an NHS talking therapies service</a></p>"
}
]
},
{
"identifier": "0",
"name": "section heading",
"position": 4,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"mainEntityOfPage": [
{
"position": 0,
"@type": "WebPageElement",
"name": "non-urgent",
"identifier": "5",
"text": "<h3>See a GP if:</h3><div ><ul><li>you're struggling to cope with stress</li><li>things you're trying yourself are not helping</li><li>you would prefer to get a referral from a GP</li></ul></div>"
}
],
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To demonstrate the changes to the links, they have been highlighted in yellow.
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"text": "<h3>See a GP if:</h3><div ><ul><li>you're struggling to cope with stress</li><li>things you're trying yourself are not helping</li><li>you would prefer to get a referral from a GP</li></ul></div>"
}
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"text": "<h3>Call 111 or ask for an urgent GP appointment if:</h3><div ><ul><li>you need help urgently, but it's not an emergency</li></ul><p>111 can tell you the right place to get help if you need to see someone. Go to <a href="https://111.nhs.uk">111.nhs.uk</a> or <a href="Tel: 111">call: 111</a>.</p></div>"
}
],
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"text": "<h3>Call 111 or ask for an urgent GP appointment if:</h3><div ><ul><li>you need help urgently, but it's not an emergency</li></ul><p>111 can tell you the right place to get help if you need to see someone. Go to <a href="https://111.nhs.uk">111.nhs.uk</a> or <a href="Tel: 111">call: 111</a>.</p></div>"
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"text": "<h3>Call 999 or go to A&E now if:</h3><div ><ul><li>you or someone you know needs immediate help</li><li>you have seriously harmed yourself – for example, by taking a drug overdose</li></ul><p>A mental health emergency should be taken as seriously as a medical emergency.</p><p><a href="https://www.nhs.uk/Service-Search/Accident-and-emergency-services/LocationSearch/428">Find your nearest A&E</a></p></div>"
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"text": "<p>Stress is usually a reaction to mental or emotional pressure. It's often related to feeling like you're losing control over something, but sometimes there's no obvious cause.</p><p>When you're feeling anxious or scared, your body releases stress hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol.</p><p>This can be helpful for some people and stress might help you get things done or feel more motivated.</p><p>But it might also cause physical symptoms such as a faster heartbeat or sweating. If you're stressed all the time it can become a problem.</p><h3>Identifying the cause</h3><p>If you know what's causing your stress it might be easier to find ways to manage it.</p><p>Some examples of things that may cause stress include:</p><ul><li>work – feeling pressure at work, unemployment or retirement</li><li>family – relationship difficulties, divorce or <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/social-care-and-support-guide/support-and-benefits-for-carers/">caring for someone</a></li><li>financial problems – unexpected bills or borrowing money</li><li>health – illness, injury or <a index-link=[0]>losing someone (bereavement)</a></li></ul><p>Even significant life events such as buying a house, having a baby or planning a wedding could lead to feelings of stress.</p><p>You might find it hard to explain to people why you feel this way, but talking to someone could help you find a solution.</p><p><a index-link=[1]>Find out about the 5 steps to mental wellbeing</a></p>",
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"text": "<p>Stress is usually a reaction to mental or emotional pressure. It's often related to feeling like you're losing control over something, but sometimes there's no obvious cause.</p><p>When you're feeling anxious or scared, your body releases stress hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol.</p><p>This can be helpful for some people and stress might help you get things done or feel more motivated.</p><p>But it might also cause physical symptoms such as a faster heartbeat or sweating. If you're stressed all the time it can become a problem.</p><h3>Identifying the cause</h3><p>If you know what's causing your stress it might be easier to find ways to manage it.</p><p>Some examples of things that may cause stress include:</p><ul><li>work – feeling pressure at work, unemployment or retirement</li><li>family – relationship difficulties, divorce or <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/social-care-and-support-guide/support-and-benefits-for-carers/">caring for someone</a></li><li>financial problems – unexpected bills or borrowing money</li><li>health – illness, injury or <a index-link=[0]>losing someone (bereavement)</a></li></ul><p>Even significant life events such as buying a house, having a baby or planning a wedding could lead to feelings of stress.</p><p>You might find it hard to explain to people why you feel this way, but talking to someone could help you find a solution.</p><p><a index-link=[1]>Find out about the 5 steps to mental wellbeing</a></p>",
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Only no_html flag set
Example: https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/talking-therapies-medicine-treatments/talking-therapies-and-counselling/cognitive-behavioural-therapy-cbt/how-it-works?no_html=true
Here the html tags have been stripped out and an array of links which were part of the html have been added to an array links[] . To demonstrate how the links have been handled, the links arrays have been highlighted in yellow.
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"text": "Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can help you make sense of overwhelming problems by breaking them down into smaller parts. In CBT, problems are broken down into 5 main areas: situations thoughts emotions physical feelings actions CBT is based on the concept of these 5 areas being interconnected and affecting each other. For example, your thoughts about a certain situation can often affect how you feel both physically and emotionally, as well as how you act in response.",
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"text": "Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can help you make sense of overwhelming problems by breaking them down into smaller parts. In CBT, problems are broken down into 5 main areas: situations thoughts emotions physical feelings actions CBT is based on the concept of these 5 areas being interconnected and affecting each other. For example, your thoughts about a certain situation can often affect how you feel both physically and emotionally, as well as how you act in response.",
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"text": "CBT differs from many other psychotherapies because it's: pragmatic – it helps identify specific problems and tries to solve them highly structured – rather than talking freely about your life, you and your therapist discuss specific problems and set goals for you to achieve focused on current problems – it's mainly concerned with how you think and act now rather than attempting to resolve past issues collaborative – your therapist will not tell you what to do; they'll work with you to find solutions to your current difficulties",
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"description": "",
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"text": "CBT differs from many other psychotherapies because it's: pragmatic – it helps identify specific problems and tries to solve them highly structured – rather than talking freely about your life, you and your therapist discuss specific problems and set goals for you to achieve focused on current problems – it's mainly concerned with how you think and act now rather than attempting to resolve past issues collaborative – your therapist will not tell you what to do; they'll work with you to find solutions to your current difficulties",
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"text": "There are helpful and unhelpful ways of reacting to a situation, often determined by how you think about them. For example, if your marriage has ended in divorce, you might think you've failed and that you're not capable of having another meaningful relationship. This could lead to you feeling hopeless, lonely, depressed and tired, so you stop going out and meeting new people. You become trapped in a negative cycle, sitting at home alone and feeling bad about yourself. But rather than accepting this way of thinking you could accept that many marriages end, learn from your mistakes and move on, and feel optimistic about the future. This optimism could result in you becoming more socially active and you may start evening classes and develop a new circle of friends. This is a simplified example, but it illustrates how certain thoughts, feelings, physical sensations and actions can trap you in a negative cycle and even create new situations that make you feel worse about yourself. CBT aims to stop negative cycles such as these by breaking down things that make you feel bad, anxious or scared. By making your problems more manageable, CBT can help you change your negative thought patterns and improve the way you feel. CBT can help you get to a point where you can achieve this on your own and tackle problems without the help of a therapist.",
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"text": "There are helpful and unhelpful ways of reacting to a situation, often determined by how you think about them. For example, if your marriage has ended in divorce, you might think you've failed and that you're not capable of having another meaningful relationship. This could lead to you feeling hopeless, lonely, depressed and tired, so you stop going out and meeting new people. You become trapped in a negative cycle, sitting at home alone and feeling bad about yourself. But rather than accepting this way of thinking you could accept that many marriages end, learn from your mistakes and move on, and feel optimistic about the future. This optimism could result in you becoming more socially active and you may start evening classes and develop a new circle of friends. This is a simplified example, but it illustrates how certain thoughts, feelings, physical sensations and actions can trap you in a negative cycle and even create new situations that make you feel worse about yourself. CBT aims to stop negative cycles such as these by breaking down things that make you feel bad, anxious or scared. By making your problems more manageable, CBT can help you change your negative thought patterns and improve the way you feel. CBT can help you get to a point where you can achieve this on your own and tackle problems without the help of a therapist.",
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"text": "Exposure therapy is a form of CBT particularly useful for people with phobias or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) . In such cases, talking about the situation is not as helpful and you may need to learn to face your fears in a methodical and structured way through exposure therapy. Exposure therapy involves starting with items and situations that cause anxiety, but anxiety that you feel able to tolerate. You'll be exposed to an item or situation for a length of time and frequency recommended by your therapist. After the first few times, you'll find your anxiety does not climb as high and does not last as long. You'll then be ready to move to a more difficult situation. This process should be continued until you have tackled all the items and situations you want to conquer. Exposure therapy may involve spending 6 to 15 hours with the therapist, or can be carried out using self-help books or computer programs. You'll need to regularly practise the exercises as prescribed to overcome your problems.",
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"text": "Exposure therapy is a form of CBT particularly useful for people with phobias or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) . In such cases, talking about the situation is not as helpful and you may need to learn to face your fears in a methodical and structured way through exposure therapy. Exposure therapy involves starting with items and situations that cause anxiety, but anxiety that you feel able to tolerate. You'll be exposed to an item or situation for a length of time and frequency recommended by your therapist. After the first few times, you'll find your anxiety does not climb as high and does not last as long. You'll then be ready to move to a more difficult situation. This process should be continued until you have tackled all the items and situations you want to conquer. Exposure therapy may involve spending 6 to 15 hours with the therapist, or can be carried out using self-help books or computer programs. You'll need to regularly practise the exercises as prescribed to overcome your problems.",
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"text": "CBT can be carried out with a therapist in 1-to-1 sessions or in groups with other people in a similar situation to you. If you have CBT on an individual basis, you'll usually meet with a CBT therapist for between 6 and 20 weekly or fortnightly sessions, with each session lasting 30 to 60 minutes. Because exposure therapy sessions include time to expose you to the item or situation causing you anxiety, they will usually last longer. CBT therapy may take place: in a clinic outside – if you have specific fears there in your own home – particularly if you have agoraphobia or OCD involving a specific fear of items at home Your CBT therapist can be any healthcare professional who has been specially trained in CBT, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, mental health nurse or GP. First sessions The first few sessions will be spent making sure CBT is the right therapy for you, and that you're comfortable with the process. The therapist will ask questions about your life and background. If you're anxious or depressed, the therapist will ask whether it interferes with your family, work and social life. They'll also ask about events that may be related to your problems, treatments you've had, and what you would like to achieve through therapy. If CBT seems appropriate, the therapist will let you know what to expect from a course of treatment. If it's not appropriate, or you do not feel comfortable with it, they can recommend alternative treatments. Further sessions After the initial assessment period, you'll start working with your therapist to break down problems into their separate parts. To help with this, your therapist may ask you to keep a diary or write down your thought and behaviour patterns. You and your therapist will analyse your thoughts, feelings and behaviours to work out if they're unrealistic or unhelpful and to determine the effect they have on each other and on you. Your therapist will be able to help you work out how to change unhelpful thoughts and behaviours. After working out what you can change, your therapist will ask you to practise these changes in your daily life. This may involve: questioning upsetting thoughts and replacing them with more helpful ones recognising when you're going to do something that will make you feel worse and instead doing something more helpful You may be asked to do some "homework" between sessions to help with this process. At each session, you'll discuss with your therapist how you've got on with putting the changes into practice and what it felt like. Your therapist will be able to make other suggestions to help you. Confronting fears and anxieties can be very difficult. Your therapist will not ask you to do things you do not want to do and will only work at a pace you're comfortable with. During your sessions, your therapist will check you're comfortable with the progress you're making. One of the biggest benefits of CBT is that after your course has finished, you can continue to apply the principles learned to your daily life. This should make it less likely that your symptoms will return.",
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"text": "CBT can be carried out with a therapist in 1-to-1 sessions or in groups with other people in a similar situation to you. If you have CBT on an individual basis, you'll usually meet with a CBT therapist for between 6 and 20 weekly or fortnightly sessions, with each session lasting 30 to 60 minutes. Because exposure therapy sessions include time to expose you to the item or situation causing you anxiety, they will usually last longer. CBT therapy may take place: in a clinic outside – if you have specific fears there in your own home – particularly if you have agoraphobia or OCD involving a specific fear of items at home Your CBT therapist can be any healthcare professional who has been specially trained in CBT, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, mental health nurse or GP. First sessions The first few sessions will be spent making sure CBT is the right therapy for you, and that you're comfortable with the process. The therapist will ask questions about your life and background. If you're anxious or depressed, the therapist will ask whether it interferes with your family, work and social life. They'll also ask about events that may be related to your problems, treatments you've had, and what you would like to achieve through therapy. If CBT seems appropriate, the therapist will let you know what to expect from a course of treatment. If it's not appropriate, or you do not feel comfortable with it, they can recommend alternative treatments. Further sessions After the initial assessment period, you'll start working with your therapist to break down problems into their separate parts. To help with this, your therapist may ask you to keep a diary or write down your thought and behaviour patterns. You and your therapist will analyse your thoughts, feelings and behaviours to work out if they're unrealistic or unhelpful and to determine the effect they have on each other and on you. Your therapist will be able to help you work out how to change unhelpful thoughts and behaviours. After working out what you can change, your therapist will ask you to practise these changes in your daily life. This may involve: questioning upsetting thoughts and replacing them with more helpful ones recognising when you're going to do something that will make you feel worse and instead doing something more helpful You may be asked to do some "homework" between sessions to help with this process. At each session, you'll discuss with your therapist how you've got on with putting the changes into practice and what it felt like. Your therapist will be able to make other suggestions to help you. Confronting fears and anxieties can be very difficult. Your therapist will not ask you to do things you do not want to do and will only work at a pace you're comfortable with. During your sessions, your therapist will check you're comfortable with the progress you're making. One of the biggest benefits of CBT is that after your course has finished, you can continue to apply the principles learned to your daily life. This should make it less likely that your symptoms will return.",
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"text": "A number of interactive online tools are now available that allow you to benefit from CBT with minimal or no contact with a therapist. Some people prefer using a computer rather than talking to a therapist about their private feelings. However, you may still benefit from occasional meetings or phone calls with a therapist to guide you and monitor your progress. Find out more: self-help therapies Every Mind Matters: self-help cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) techniques",
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Both no_html and mydex_mrd_links flags set
Example: https://api-mrd.mydex.org/mental-health/talking-therapies-medicine-treatments/medicines-and-psychiatry/ssri-antidepressants/considerations?mydex_mrd_links=true&no_html=true
As above, here you can see that all the html tags have been stripped out. Highlighted in yellow, you can see where links have been updated to use our MRD api endpoint and an array has been added to contain any links that were stripped out with the html.
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"text": "Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) aren't suitable for everyone. They can cause problems if you have other health conditions or if they're taken alongside other medicines. Some of the issues you and your doctor will need to bear in mind when taking SSRIs, or when considering using them, include:",
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"text": "Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) aren't suitable for everyone. They can cause problems if you have other health conditions or if they're taken alongside other medicines. Some of the issues you and your doctor will need to bear in mind when taking SSRIs, or when considering using them, include:",
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"text": "SSRIs may not be suitable if you have any of the following conditions: bipolar disorder and you're in a manic phase (a period of extremely excitable mood) , although they can be useful for depressive phases a bleeding disorder, such as haemophilia type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes epilepsy – SSRIs should only be taken if your epilepsy is well controlled, and they should be stopped if your epilepsy gets worse narrow angle glaucoma serious kidney, liver or heart problems SSRIs may need to be used with caution or not at all if you have one of these conditions, because the medicine could increase your chance of experiencing serious side effects.",
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"text": "SSRIs may not be suitable if you have any of the following conditions: bipolar disorder and you're in a manic phase (a period of extremely excitable mood) , although they can be useful for depressive phases a bleeding disorder, such as haemophilia type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes epilepsy – SSRIs should only be taken if your epilepsy is well controlled, and they should be stopped if your epilepsy gets worse narrow angle glaucoma serious kidney, liver or heart problems SSRIs may need to be used with caution or not at all if you have one of these conditions, because the medicine could increase your chance of experiencing serious side effects.",
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"text": "If you're pregnant and think you may be depressed, you should discuss the risks and benefits of using SSRIs with your doctor. You should also speak to your doctor for advice if you become pregnant while you're taking SSRIs. As a precaution, SSRIs aren't usually recommended during pregnancy, particularly during the first 3 months (the first trimester) . This is because there may be a risk to the baby. However, exceptions can be made if the risk posed by depression (or another mental health condition) outweighs the potential risks of treatment. Possible risks of taking SSRIs during pregnancy include: loss of the pregnancy birth defects affecting the baby’s heart (congenital heart disease) the baby being born with a rare condition called persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn (PPHN) , which causes breathing and circulation problems",
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"text": "If you're pregnant and think you may be depressed, you should discuss the risks and benefits of using SSRIs with your doctor. You should also speak to your doctor for advice if you become pregnant while you're taking SSRIs. As a precaution, SSRIs aren't usually recommended during pregnancy, particularly during the first 3 months (the first trimester) . This is because there may be a risk to the baby. However, exceptions can be made if the risk posed by depression (or another mental health condition) outweighs the potential risks of treatment. Possible risks of taking SSRIs during pregnancy include: loss of the pregnancy birth defects affecting the baby’s heart (congenital heart disease) the baby being born with a rare condition called persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn (PPHN) , which causes breathing and circulation problems",
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"text": "If you're prescribed SSRIs when breastfeeding, paroxetine or sertraline are usually recommended and are considered safe to use. However, other SSRIs may be used if it's thought that the benefits of treatment and benefits of breastfeeding your baby outweigh the potential risks.",
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"text": "If you're prescribed SSRIs when breastfeeding, paroxetine or sertraline are usually recommended and are considered safe to use. However, other SSRIs may be used if it's thought that the benefits of treatment and benefits of breastfeeding your baby outweigh the potential risks.",
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"text": "SSRIs aren't usually recommended for children and young people under the age of 18. This is because there's evidence of an increased risk of self-harm and thoughts about suicide in this age group. There are also concerns that the use of SSRIs could affect brain development in children and young people. However, children and young people under the age of 18 may be offered an SSRI if talking therapies, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) , alone haven't helped, or as a treatment to be used alongside talking therapies. An SSRI will only be prescribed in addition to a talking therapy and treatment must be supervised by a psychiatrist (a doctor who specialises in treating mental health conditions) . If an SSRI is recommended, fluoxetine is usually the first choice.",
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"text": "SSRIs aren't usually recommended for children and young people under the age of 18. This is because there's evidence of an increased risk of self-harm and thoughts about suicide in this age group. There are also concerns that the use of SSRIs could affect brain development in children and young people. However, children and young people under the age of 18 may be offered an SSRI if talking therapies, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) , alone haven't helped, or as a treatment to be used alongside talking therapies. An SSRI will only be prescribed in addition to a talking therapy and treatment must be supervised by a psychiatrist (a doctor who specialises in treating mental health conditions) . If an SSRI is recommended, fluoxetine is usually the first choice.",
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"text": "Some SSRIs can cause dizziness, drowsiness and blurred vision, particularly when you first start taking them. If you do experience these symptoms, you shouldn't drive or use heavy tools and machinery. The symptoms should be temporary, but speak to your doctor if you're unsure.",
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"text": "SSRIs can react unpredictably with certain other medicines (known as "interacting") , potentially increasing the risk of side effects such as bleeding or a problem known as "serotonin syndrome". Some of the medicines that can interact with some SSRIs include: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – a common type of painkiller that includes ibuprofen, diclofenac or naproxen antiplatelets – a type of medicine used to prevent blood clots, such as low-dose aspirin and clopidogrel theophylline – a medicine used to treat asthma clozapine and pimozide – medicines used to treat schizophrenia and psychosis lithium – a medicine used to treat severe depression and bipolar disorder triptans – a type of medicine, such as naratriptan, sumatriptan and zolmitriptan, used to treat migraines other antidepressants – including tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) , monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) However, this isn't an exhaustive list of all the medicines that can interact with SSRIs, and not all of these interactions apply to all types of SSRI. You should always make sure you carefully read the patient information leaflet that comes with your SSRI medicine to see if there are any medicines you should avoid. If in doubt, your pharmacist or GP should be able to advise you.",
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"text": "SSRIs can react unpredictably with certain other medicines (known as "interacting") , potentially increasing the risk of side effects such as bleeding or a problem known as "serotonin syndrome". Some of the medicines that can interact with some SSRIs include: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – a common type of painkiller that includes ibuprofen, diclofenac or naproxen antiplatelets – a type of medicine used to prevent blood clots, such as low-dose aspirin and clopidogrel theophylline – a medicine used to treat asthma clozapine and pimozide – medicines used to treat schizophrenia and psychosis lithium – a medicine used to treat severe depression and bipolar disorder triptans – a type of medicine, such as naratriptan, sumatriptan and zolmitriptan, used to treat migraines other antidepressants – including tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) , monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) However, this isn't an exhaustive list of all the medicines that can interact with SSRIs, and not all of these interactions apply to all types of SSRI. You should always make sure you carefully read the patient information leaflet that comes with your SSRI medicine to see if there are any medicines you should avoid. If in doubt, your pharmacist or GP should be able to advise you.",
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"text": "Alcohol isn't usually recommended if you're taking an SSRI, because it can increase any drowsiness you may experience and can make feelings of depression worse. The SSRI, fluvoxamine, is also known to enhance the effects of caffeine, so people who drink large amounts of caffeine may experience unpleasant symptoms such as heart palpitations, feeling sick, restlessness and insomnia. You should therefore avoid drinking large amounts of caffeinated drinks, such as tea, coffee, energy drinks and cola, while taking fluvoxamine.",
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"text": "Alcohol isn't usually recommended if you're taking an SSRI, because it can increase any drowsiness you may experience and can make feelings of depression worse. The SSRI, fluvoxamine, is also known to enhance the effects of caffeine, so people who drink large amounts of caffeine may experience unpleasant symptoms such as heart palpitations, feeling sick, restlessness and insomnia. You should therefore avoid drinking large amounts of caffeinated drinks, such as tea, coffee, energy drinks and cola, while taking fluvoxamine.",
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"text": "St John's wort is a popular herbal remedy promoted for the treatment of depression. While there's some evidence that St John's wort may help mild to moderate depression, many experts advise against using it because the amount of active ingredient can vary significantly and you can never be sure what sort of effect it will have on you. Taking St John's wort alongside SSRIs can also potentially cause serious health problems.",
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